Rule out antibodies from an 11-cell panel.

This exercise follows common educational teaching rules. Real blood bank procedures and interpretation thresholds vary by lab policy and case context.

Procedure

1. Start with the reaction pattern and the autocontrol.
2. Use the reactive cells to make your first antibody guess.
3. Rule out antibodies using antigen-positive cells that do not react.
4. If the antibody is dosage-sensitive, use homozygous cells for stronger rule-out evidence than heterozygous cells.
5. Mark rule-outs with Het for heterozygous cells and Hom for homozygous cells.
6. Use proof marks on the cell number for the antibody you think fits best. + means the cell is antigen-positive and reactive for that antibody. - means the cell is antigen-negative and nonreactive.
7. To rule in, look for 3 antigen-positive reactive cells and 3 antigen-negative nonreactive cells that support the same antibody.
8. Rule out means a nonreactive antigen-positive cell makes that antibody less likely. To rule out an antibody, you need either 2 homozygous rule-outs or 2 heterozygous rule-outs plus 1 homozygous rule-out.
9. Use the footer status row as your running judgment: Partial = some evidence, Out = ruled out, Suspect = still possible.
10. Choose your final answer when the pattern feels complete. Rule in means that enough positive and negative cells support a single antibody.
11. Reveal the answer to freeze your attempt and compare your work.
12. Restart the case to try again from a clean slate.

What Each Mark Means

• Het means one antigen copy on the cell.
• Hom means two antigen copies on the cell.
• Use Het and Hom only on antigen columns when you are ruling out a candidate.
• Use + and - only on the cell number when you are proving your best-fit antibody.
• The footer status is a progress check, not the final answer.

How To Use The Panel

• Click antigen cells to cycle Het, Hom, and clear.
• Click the cell number to cycle proof marks between +, -, and clear.
• Click the footer status cell to cycle Partial, Out, Suspect, and clear.
• Choose a final answer from the dropdown when you are ready.
• Reveal the answer to freeze your attempt and compare the result.

Answer Check

• The answer view stays plain.
• Your attempt stays visible above the answer key after reveal, and differences are highlighted.
• Use Restart to clear the case and try again.